Ubucukuzi, abantu benshi barabibonye, ariko na moterihano aboutcbyihutirwa birihariye.Ninini cyane, ifite uburebure bwa metero 23.5.Igitekerezo ni iki?Turashobora kuvuga ko yegereye ikiremwa kinini kwisi.Uburebure bwa baleine yubururu ikuze irakomeye cyane, kandi irashobora gucukura toni zirenga 50 zamakara hamwe nindobo.Inganda zose nubuhanga bwiyi hunk itangaje ni Ubushinwa.
Ku ya 2 Mata, Ubucukuzi bwa hydraulic ya toni 700 yo mu Bushinwa bwashize mu murongo inteko.Uburemere bw'iki gihangange buhwanye n'imodoka 500 zisanzwe, kandi imbaraga zirenze iz'ibigega bibiri by'ubwoko 99 by'intambara.Abantu 100 barashobora guhagarara mu ndobo icyarimwe, kandi iyo indobo yamanutse, hacukurwa toni zirenga 50 zamakara.
Imashini yubushakashatsi bwa hydraulic ya toni 700 n’Ubushinwa n’imyubakire nini ya tonnage nini ya hydraulic icukura yigenga yakozwe n’Ubushinwa.Muri ibi bikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, imashini zo mu Bushinwa zizahatana imbona nkubone na ba shebuja bo ku isi.
Ntabwo gusa isura ndende ishimishije ijisho gusa, ahubwo "connotation" yuyu "musore munini" irashimishije cyane.Kuva mu bice kugeza kuri sisitemu y'imikorere, ifite patenti 52 zigenga, ni bwo bwa mbere Ubushinwa bumaze kubona uburyo bukoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze mu rwego rwo gucukura cyane hydraulic.Ubushinwa bwabaye igihugu cya kane ku isi gifite ubushobozi bwo guteza imbere no gukora imashini zicukura hydraulic zifite ubushobozi bwa toni zirenga 700 nyuma y’Ubudage, Ubuyapani na Amerika, bisenya monopole y’ibirango by’amahanga.
Ukurikije ibishushanyo mbonera, uyu "muntu munini" agomba kwemeza byibuze amasaha 60.000 yigihe cyo gukora neza mugihe akorera mu kirombe, kandi byibura toni 30.000 yibikoresho bigomba gucukurwa buri munsi.Kugirango ugere ku gipimo nk'iki, igishushanyo mbonera n'ibikorwa byo gukora chassis ya excavator ni ndende cyane.Niba amasosiyete yo hanze ayatanga, azaba byibuze miliyoni 15.Kubera ko ikoranabuhanga ryibanze ryihariwe n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga akomeye kuva kera, byamenyekanye ko amasosiyete y’Abashinwa nayo akeneye guteza imbere nini nini Nyuma ya tonnage y’abacukuzi, abatanga ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ntibashaka guha chassis zabo Ubushinwa na gato.
Abakozi bacu ba R&D bafashe icyemezo cyo guteza imbere chassis bonyine, kandi byafashe imyaka itanu kugirango ikibazo gikemuke, cyuzuze icyuho muri R&D no gukora inganda nini nini za hydraulic mu Bushinwa.
Usibye ibice binini binini nka "ibiziga bine n'umukandara umwe", nk'ibice by'ibanze, ikindi kintu cy'ibanze gikoreshwa muri iyi toni ya toni 700 ya hydraulic, silindari ya hydraulic nayo yatejwe imbere kandi ikorerwa mu gihugu cyanjye.
Niba moteri igereranwa numuntu, noneho boom, inkoni nindobo ni amaboko namaboko ya moteri, kandi silindiri hydraulic ihwanye nimitsi iri mukuboko no mukiganza cyumuntu.Imbaraga nubushobozi bwa excavator ni ngombwa cyane.Ingano iterwa na silindiri ya hydraulic.Iterambere ryiza rya toni 700 ya hydraulic excavator hydraulic silinderi ntabwo yangije monopole gusa, ahubwo yanagabanije vuba igiciro kumasoko mpuzamahanga.
Nk’uko byatangajwe mbere yo gutumiza toni 700 za silinderi, iseti ikenera amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 3, ubu niba ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, byagabanutseho hafi 30%, hafi miliyoni 2 kugeza kuri miliyoni 2.1.
Umushinga ukomeye w’inganda, umwe mu mishinga itanu minini yakozwe na Made mu Bushinwa 2025, urasaba neza ko mu 2020, 40% by’ibanze by’ibanze n’ibigize hamwe n’ibikoresho by’ibanze bizemerwa mu bwigenge, kandi ibintu byo kugengwa n’abandi bizabikora buhoro buhoro.Ibikorwa bigezweho byo gukora kubice byingenzi, ibice nibikoresho byingenzi bikenerwa byihutirwa mubikoresho byo mu kirere, ibikoresho byitumanaho, kubyara amashanyarazi nogukwirakwiza, imashini zubaka, ibikoresho byo gutwara gari ya moshi, ibikoresho byo murugo nizindi nganda byaramenyekanye kandi bishyirwa mubikorwa.
Kugeza mu 2025, 70% by'ibice by'ibanze by'ibanze n'ibikoresho by'ibanze bizashingirwaho mu bwigenge, kandi tekinoroji 80 igezweho izatezwa imbere kandi ishyirwe mu bikorwa, bimwe muri byo bizagera ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Abashakashatsi n’iterambere ry’imashini z’Abashinwa bemeza ko niba ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze ry’imashini zikomeye zikomoka mu bindi bihugu, byanze bikunze ritazaboneka.Tugomba gusobanukirwa niki kintu cyibanze, kigomba gukorwa natwe ubwacu nubushakashatsi bwigenga niterambere, bityo rero duhereye kubikoresho, kandi umusaruro nikoranabuhanga bigomba kunozwa.Ibice by'ingenzi bigize moteriisoko, uruziga, idler, Ikoranabuhanga ry'umusaruro wa inzira ihuza assy, gukurikirana inkweto,inziraumuzingo nibindi bicuruzwa bigomba gutunganywa, kandi ubukorikori bwibicuruzwa bigomba kuba byiza.Byaba biva mubikorwa byo gutora cyangwa guhimba, ubushakashatsi bwihariye nibikorwa byo gukurikirana bigomba gushimangirwa.Ikizamini cyibikoresho nubukorikori ntibizagabanywa n’ibihugu by’amahanga kugeza igihe tuzakora ibicuruzwa.
Umwanya wimashini zubaka zubushinwa nuguva kumurongo wo hasi ugana hejuru.Mugihe tugera ku ntego yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, tugomba guca mu kibazo cyikoranabuhanga kandi tukagera ku guhanga udushya kugira ngo tugere ku ntego zacu.
Ibarurishamibare ryerekana ko mu gihe cyashize, ikiguzi cyo gutumiza mu mahanga ibintu by'ingenzi nka moteri, sisitemu zohereza, ibikoresho bya hydraulic, hamwe n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura byari hejuru ya 40% by'ibiciro byo gukora, kandi hafi 70% by'inyungu z'inganda zari cyafashwe n'abashoramari b'abanyamahanga.Inganda zimashini zubaka zibabajwe ninganda zidafite ishingiro zinganda zo murwego rwohejuru, zishobora kuvugwa nk "nk'urubingo rwo mu muhogo".Ariko, nyuma yimyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo yo kwegeranya nimbaraga zidatezuka, ibintu birahinduka.
Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa byose byifashishwa mu gucukura imashini zikoresha imashini zikoresha imashini za buldozeri byoherejwe mu bihugu no mu turere 158 ku isi, kandi hashyizweho abakozi barenga 280 mu mahanga ku isi.Muri 2017, kohereza ibicuruzwa bijyanye na excavator bijyanye na“Umukandara n'umuhanda”yiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, hiyongereyeho 51% muri Aziya yo Hagati, 119% muri Afurika, 107% muri Aziya y'Iburengerazuba na Afurika y'Amajyaruguru, na 80% umwaka ushize muri Aziya ya pasifika.
Imashini y'Ubushinwa iratsinda abakiriya benshi.Igihe cyose isosiyete y'Ubushinwa isenye monopole ikanesha icyitegererezo cyibikoresho, igiciro cyinganda zose kizahinduka cyane.
Imashini zo mu Bushinwa zirimo gutsindira abakiriya benshi.Igihe cyose ibigo byabashinwa bivanyeho kwiharira no gutsinda icyitegererezo cyibikoresho, hazabaho ihinduka rikomeye mubiciro byinganda zose.
Imashini zubaka crane inganda nkiyi.Igihe cyose tonnage idakorerwa mubushinwa, igiciro cyamahanga kiri hejuru cyane.Mugihe tutari dufite toni 300, crane yatumijwe hanze yagurishije miliyoni 23.Toni 300 zimaze gusohoka, twagurishije miliyoni 13.Icyo gihe, crane yatumizwaga mu mahanga yagurishijwe miliyoni zirenga 15, miliyoni 23 kugeza kuri miliyoni 15, na miliyoni 8 zarashize.Igiciro cya Amerika, Ubudage cyangwa Ubuyapani cyahise kigabanuka.
Mubyukuri, ishoramari ryimashini zubushinwa R&D mubijyanye nubushakashatsi niterambere ryagiye ryiyongera ubudahwema, kandi ishoramari ryumwaka mubushakashatsi niterambere ryarahagaze neza hejuru ya 5% yinjiza ibicuruzwa.Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bukubiyemo ibintu birenga icumi nk'ikoranabuhanga rya hydraulic, tekinoroji yohereza, ikoranabuhanga rigenzura ubwenge, ikoranabuhanga ry’imashini ryuzuye, hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rishushanya inganda.Icyakora, haracyari inzira ndende yo kujya mu mashini zubaka Ubushinwa kugirango zirushanwe n’ibirango mpuzamahanga muburyo bwose.
Inganda zikora inganda mu Bushinwa ubu ziri mu nzitizi zikomeye n’urufunguzo, ni ukuvuga inzitizi kuva nini kugeza ikomeye.Tugomba kugira ibitekerezo byacu bwite, kandi ntidukwiye kwiringira buhumyi ibyagezweho nishingiro twagezeho kera.Ntidukwiye gupfobya icyuho dufite ubu.Kubyerekeranye no guhanga udushya, ishoramari mubushakashatsi niterambere, hamwe niterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryibanze. Kwitegereza igice cy'isaha: tekinoroji yibanze ntishobora kugurwa
Ukuboza 2017, abayobozi b'Abashinwa bigeze kwerekana ko inganda zikora ibikoresho ari inkingi y’inganda zikora.Birakenewe kongera ishoramari, gushimangira ubushakashatsi n’iterambere, no kwihutisha iterambere, guharanira kwigarurira isi yose, no kugenzura uburenganzira bwo kuvuga mu ikoranabuhanga, kugira ngo igihugu cyanjye kibe igihugu gikomeye mu nganda zigezweho zikora ibikoresho bigezweho. ..Guhanga udushya nisoko yibikorwa byibanze byumushinga, kandi tekinoroji yibanze ntishobora gushakishwa cyangwa kugurwa.
Imashini nini zifungura ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro nicyo kintu cy'ibanze kigize “ikamba rya zahabu” ry'inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, zerekana urwego rwa tekiniki rwo hejuru mu nganda.Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yo guhanga udushya, igihugu cyanjye kinini kinini imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro zageze ku rwego rwo hejuru ku isi.Kugirango imashini zubaka mubushinwa zifate umwanya muremure kwisi muri rusange no kugenzura ingufu za disikuru tekinike, turacyakeneye imbaraga nyinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-08-2022
