Nangahe uzi ibijyanye na moteri ya hydraulic ya crawler? （1）

Imashini ya hydraulic ya rukuruzi ni imashini igenda kwisi ikoresha indobo mu gucukura ibikoresho hejuru cyangwa munsi yubutaka bwabyo hanyuma ikabishyira mu modoka itwara abantu cyangwa ikabipakurura mu bubiko.Ibikoresho byacukuwe ni ubutaka, amakara, sili, ubutaka nigitare nyuma yo gufungurwa.

Urebye iterambere ryimashini zubaka mumyaka yashize, iterambere ryimashini ryihuta.Nka bumwe mu buryo bukomeye bwimashini zubaka mubwubatsi, guhitamo neza gucukumbura ni ngombwa.Imashini n'ibikoresho bidasanzwe bikoreshwa cyane mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no mu mijyi no mu cyaro hamwe n'imikorere igezweho ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe.

Izina ry'igishinwa: Crawler hydraulic excavator

Izina ryamahanga: imashini zicukura

Imikoreshereze: ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no kubaka imijyi n'icyaro

Iriburiro: Gucukura no kuzuza ibikoresho n'indobo

Haraheze imyaka irenga 130 kuva icukurwa ryambere ryintoki risohoka.Muri iki gihe, yiboneye iterambere gahoro gahoro kuva mu ndobo zikoreshwa mu ndobo zikoresha moteri kugeza kuri moteri ikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi ndetse n’imbere-yaka-moteri ikoreshwa na moteri ya moteri, hamwe na moteri ya hydraulic yikora ikoresheje electroencephalographictekinoroji yo kwishyira hamwe.inzira.

Bitewe no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya hydraulic, hari moteri yashizwemo imashini ifite hydraulic backhoe kuri traktori muri 1940.Mu ntangiriro no hagati ya 1950, icukurwa rya azimuth hydraulic na moteri hamwe na moteri yuzuye ya hydraulic icukura..

Imashini ya mbere yakozwe na hydraulic icukura ikoresha tekinoroji ya hydraulic yindege nibikoresho byimashini, ibura hydraulic ibice bikwiranye nuburyo butandukanye bwimikorere ya excavator, ubwiza bwinganda ntabwo buhagaze bihagije, kandi ibice byunganira ntabwo byuzuye.

Kuva mu myaka ya za 1960, abacukuzi ba hydraulic binjiye mu cyiciro cyo kuzamurwa no kwiteza imbere.Umubare w’abakora ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga hamwe n’ubwoko butandukanye mu bihugu bitandukanye wiyongereye vuba, kandi umusaruro urazamuka.

Kuva mu 1968 kugeza 1970, ibisohoka mu bucukuzi bwa hydraulic bingana na 83% by’umusaruro wose w’ubucukuzi, kandi ubu uri hafi 100%.

Ubucukuzi bwa mbere bwari intoki, kandi hashize imyaka irenga 130 butangiye kuvumburwa, kandi bwahuye nuburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara nka moteri, gutwara amashanyarazi, hamwe na moteri yaka imbere.

Nyuma ya 1940, tekinoroji ya hydraulic yakoreshejwe mubucukuzi, naho muri 1950, hacukurwa imashini yo mu bwoko bwa crawler yuzuye-hydraulic isanzwe ikoreshwa muri iki gihe.

Ibice bitatu byingenzi byubucukuzi: uburemere bwimodoka (misa), imbaraga za moteri nubushobozi bwindobo.

Mu 1951, inzu ya hydraulic yambere yuzuye yatangijwe i McClainuruganda mu Bufaransa, bityo hashyirwaho umwanya mushya mubijyanye niterambere rya tekiniki yimashini.

bigize

Inzira zisanzwe zicukura zirimo amashanyarazi, ibikoresho bikora, uburyo bwo guswera, uburyo bwa manipulation, uburyo bwo kohereza, uburyo bwo kugenda hamwe nibikoresho bifasha.

Uhereye kubigaragara, excavator igizwe nibice bitatu: igikoresho gikora, impinduka yo hejuru hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenda.

Ibyiciro

Ibikurikira nicyiciro cyabacukuzi basanzwe:

Icyiciro cya 1: Ubucukuzi busanzwe bugabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: moteri yo gutwika moteri ikoreshwa na moteri hamwe na moteri ikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi.Muri byo, imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoreshwa cyane cyane muri hypoxia ya plateau, mu birombe byo mu kuzimu ndetse n’ahandi hantu hashobora gutwikwa no guturika.

Icyiciro cya 2: Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenda, imashini zishobora kugabanywamo imashini zogosha hamwe na moteri ziziga.

Icyiciro cya 3: Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo kohereza, imashini zishobora kugabanywamo moteri ya hydraulic na moteri ikora imashini.Imashini zicukura zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu birombe binini.

Icyiciro cya 4: Ukurikije imikoreshereze, abacukuzi barashobora kugabanywamo ibice rusange, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ubucukuzi bwo mu nyanja, ubucukuzi bwihariye n'ibindi byiciro bitandukanye

Umubare munini wubucukuzi bwubu ni hydraulic azimuth icukura.Caterpillar 385B

Imashini ya Hydraulic igizwe ahanini na moteri, sisitemu ya hydraulic, ibikoresho bikora, ibikoresho byingendo no kugenzura amashanyarazi.Sisitemu ya hydraulic igizwe na pompe hydraulic, valve igenzura, silindiri ya hydraulic, moteri ya hydraulic, umuyoboro, ikigega cya lisansi, nibindi.

Ukurikije imiterere n'imikoreshereze, birashobora kugabanywamo:

Ubwoko bwikurura, ubwoko bwipine, ubwoko bwurugendo, hydraulic yuzuye, igice cya hydraulic, azimuth, non-azimuth, rusange, idasanzwe, ivugwa, telesikopi itera imbere nubundi bwoko.

Igikoresho gikora nigikoresho cyuzuza neza umurimo wo gucukura.Ifatiye ku bice bitatu: gutera imbere, inkoni n'indobo.Kuzamura Boom, kwagura inkoni no guhinduranya indobo bigenzurwa no gusubiranamo kabiri ya hydraulic silinderi.

Kugirango uhuze ibikenewe mubikorwa bitandukanye byubwubatsi, moteri ya hydraulic irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho bitandukanye byakazi, nko gucukura, guterura, gupakira, kuringaniza, clamp, bulldozing, inyundo zangiza nibindi bikoresho byakazi.

Igikoresho cyo guswera no gutembera ni umubiri wa moteri ya hydraulic, kandi igice cyo hejuru cyumuzenguruko gihabwa ibikoresho byamashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu yohereza.Moteri nisoko yingufu za moteri ya hydraulic, ibyinshi muri byo bikoresha amavuta ya mazutu ahantu heza, kandi birashobora no gukoresha moteri yamashanyarazi aho.

Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza hydraulic yohereza imbaraga za moteri kuri moteri ya hydraulic, silindiri hydraulic nizindi moteri ikoresheje pompe hydraulic, ikanasunika igikoresho gikora kugirango kigende, bityo kirangize ibikorwa bitandukanye.