Ubucukuzi, buzwi kandi nk'imashini zicukura, ni anisi imashini ikoresha indobo mu gucukura ibikoresho hejuru cyangwa munsi yubuso bwabyo hanyuma ukabishyira mu modoka itwara abantu cyangwa ukabipakurura mu bubiko.Iki gihe twakoze isesengura rirambuye kuri sisitemu yo kugenda ya excavator hamwe namakosa asanzwe.
1. Sisitemu yo kugenda
(1) Ibiranga igikoresho kigenda
Kuberako igikoresho cyurugendo gifite imirimo ibiri yo gushyigikira no gukora moteri ya hydraulic, igikoresho cyurugendo rwa moteri ya hydraulic kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa bikurikira:
1. Igomba kugira imbaraga nini zo gutwara, kugirango icukumbuzi igire imikorere myiza yo gutambuka, kuzamuka kuzamuka no kuyobora iyo ugenda hejuru yubutaka cyangwa bworoshye cyangwa butaringaniye.
2 Mu rwego rwo kutongera uburebure bwibikoresho bikoresha, icukumbuzi rifite ubutaka bunini bwo kunoza imikorere y’umuhanda ku butaka butaringaniye.
3. Igikoresho cyurugendo gifite ahantu hanini ho gushyigikirwa cyangwa igitutu gito cyumuvuduko wihariye kugirango utezimbere ubucukuzi.
4. Iyo moteri ikamanuka kumurongo, ibintu byo kunyerera no kunyerera byihuta ntibizabaho, kugirango umutekano wogucukura ube mwiza.
5. Ibipimo rusange byibikoresho bigenda bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa byo gutwara abantu.
Igikoresho cyo kugenda cya moteri ya hydraulic irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ubwoko bwikurura nubwoko bwipine ukurikije imiterere.
(2) Imashini zikurura imashini
1. Igikoresho cyo kugendagenda
Igikoresho cyurugendo rwimashini kigizwe n "" ibiziga bine n'umukandara umwe "(Idler, uruziga rwo hejuru, uruziga rukurikirana, inzira ya sprocekt rim, inzira ihuza assy), igikoresho cyogosha hamwe na buffer isoko, uburyo bwo gutembera, ikadiri yingendo, nibindi. kwiruka, uruziga rutwara Yin no guhagarara Yin (gushyigikira Yin) kuruhande rukomeye rwumuhanda kugirango habeho imbaraga zo gukurura, mugerageza gukuramo inzira mumurongo wikurikiranya, kubera ko inzira munsi yumuzinga ifite gufatana bihagije. hasi., kugirango wirinde gukuramo inzira, guhatira uruziga rwo gutwara ibizunguruka, hamwe nu ruziga ruyobora kurambika inzira hasi, kuburyo icukumbuzi ryiruka imbere yinzira nyabagendwa.
2. Igikoresho cyo kugenda cyiziga.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwimiterere yubwoko bwa hydraulic excavator igikoresho cyo kugenda.Hano hari chassis ya traktor ifite ibiziga ikoresha chassis yimodoka isanzwe, ariko gucukura hydraulic yo mu bwoko bwa tine ifite ubushobozi bunini bwindobo kandi nibisabwa kugirango akazi gakorwe neza bikoresha ibikoresho byihariye bya tekinike.
1) Nta gusohora, ibiziga byose bigenda, impinduka irateguwe hagati yimitambiko ibiri, kandi imitwe yombi ifite uruziga rumwe.Ibyiza nuko abasohoka basibwe, imiterere iroroshye, imikorere iroroshye kubibanza bigufi byubatswe, kandi manuuverability nibyiza.Ikibi ni uko umutambiko uyobora ufite igabanuka rinini mugihe icukumbuzi rigenda, kandi ibikorwa byo kuyobora birakomeye cyangwa hagomba gushyirwaho igikoresho gifasha hydraulic.Kubwibyo, igikoresho cyurugendo rwiyi miterere gikwiranye gusa na moteri ntoya ya hydraulic.
)Ibiranga ni: koroshya umutwaro wa axe no koroshya imikorere;outriggers zashyizwe kuruhande rwumuti uhamye kugirango umenye neza ko icukurwa rihagaze.Ubu bwoko bwibikoresho bigenda cyane bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi mato mato ya hydraulic.
3) Amaguru ane, disikuru imwe-axis, impinduka iri kure yikigo.Ibiranga ni: gutuza neza.Ingaruka ni: gutwara ku butaka bworoshye bizakora ibyobo bitatu by’ibiziga, kurwanya ibinyabiziga biziyongera, kandi ihagarikwa ry’uruhande rwa chassis eshatu zuzuye nabi.Kubwibyo, ubu bwoko bwibikoresho byo kugenda birakwiriye gusa kubucukuzi buto.
4) Amaguru ane, ibiziga byose, ibizunguruka byegeranye kuruhande rwumutwe uhamye (umutambiko winyuma).Ibiranga ni: byoroshye gukora, ibisabwa bike kubutaka.
Isesengura ryibisanzwe bibiri hamwe no gukemura ibibazo
1. Umuvuduko wa moteri uragabanuka
Ubwa mbere, gerageza ibisohoka imbaraga za moteri ubwayo.Niba ingufu zisohoka za moteri ziri munsi yimbaraga zagenwe, igitera kunanirwa gishobora kuba ubwiza bwa lisansi, umuvuduko muke wa peteroli, gukuraho valve itari yo, silinderi runaka ya moteri ntabwo ikora, igihe cyo gutera ibitoro nikibi, lisansi Igenamiterere ryubwinshi ntabwo ariryo, sisitemu yo gufata ikirere iratemba, feri na joystick yayo ni amakosa, na turbocharger ni kokiya.
2. Niba imbaraga zisohoka za moteri ari ibisanzwe, ugomba gusuzuma niba ari imibavu kuko umuvuduko wa pompe hydraulic udahuye nimbaraga zisohoka za moteri.Umuvuduko wa moteri ya hydraulic iragereranya cyane nigitutu kibi mugihe gikora, ni ukuvuga umusaruro wikigereranyo cyumuvuduko nigitutu cya pompe gihoraho, kandi imbaraga zisohoka za pompe zihoraho cyangwa hafi zihoraho.Niba sisitemu yo kugenzura pompe yananiwe, umutwaro mwiza uhuza imiterere ya moteri, pompe na valve mubihe bitandukanye byakazi ntibizagerwaho, kandi na moteri ntishobora gukora mubisanzwe.Kunanirwa bigomba gutangirana na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, hanyuma ukareba sisitemu ya hydraulic, hanyuma ukareba sisitemu yohereza imashini.
3. Gucukumbura nta mbaraga bifite
Ubucukuzi bw'intege nke nimwe mu makosa asanzwe yubucukuzi.Intege nke mu gucukura zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: bumwe ni intege nke mu gucukura, moteri ntabwo ifata imodoka, kandi umutwaro uroroshye:
Ubwoko bwa kabiri ni intege nke mubucukuzi.Iyo ibibyimba cyangwa inkoni byongerewe hasi, moteri iranyoha cyane cyangwa irahagarara.
1. Ubucukuzi bufite intege nke ariko moteri ntabwo ifata imodoka.Ingano yingufu zicukurwa igenwa nigitutu gisohoka cya pompe nkuru, kandi niba moteri yarafunzwe biterwa nisano iri hagati yo kwinjiza pompe yamavuta ya kabine izunguruka hamwe n’umuriro wa moteri.Kuba moteri idafashe byerekana ko pompe yamavuta yakira akabati gato kazunguruka kandi umutwaro wa moteri ukaba woroshye.Niba nta kintu kidasanzwe kigaragara mumuvuduko wakazi wa excavator, umuvuduko ntarengwa w’ibisohoka pompe nkuru, ni ukuvuga, sisitemu yuzuye ya sisitemu, igomba kugenzurwa.
2. Niba agaciro gapimwe k'umuvuduko ukabije uri munsi yagaciro kagenwe, byerekana ko igenamiterere ryagaciro ryagabanijwe hejuru ya valve yubutabazi ya hydraulic yumuzunguruko wuburyo butari bwo, bigatuma uburyo bwuzura imburagihe kandi bukora nabi .Noneho imashini irashobora guhindurwa muguhindura umugozi uhindura.
3. Ubucukuzi burakomeye, kandi moteri irahagarara.Ihagarikwa rya moteri ryerekana ko urumuri rwo kwinjiza pompe yamavuta aruta urumuri rusohoka rwa moteri, bigatuma moteri irenga.Ubu bwoko bwo kunanirwa bugomba kubanza gusuzuma niba sisitemu yihuta ya moteri isanzwe, kandi uburyo bwo kugenzura busa nuburyo bwo kugenzura moteri yasobanuwe haruguru.Nyuma yubugenzuzi burambuye no gukemura ibibazo, sisitemu yo kumva umuvuduko wa moteri isubira mumikorere isanzwe, moteri yo guhagarara moteri irazimira, nimbaraga zo gucukura zisubira mubisanzwe.
4 kashe ya peteroli ihuriweho) yangiritse: silindiri ya hydraulic Kumeneka vuba bishobora gusobanura ko valve yubutabazi bwumutekano idafunze cyane, cyangwa kashe ya peteroli ya silinderi yangiritse cyane, nibindi.
5. Gufata neza buri munsi icukumbura Kugira ngo wirinde kunanirwa gucukumbura, ni ngombwa kwita cyane ku kubungabunga imashini icukura mu gihe ikoreshwa buri munsi.
Kubungabunga buri munsi bikubiyemo kugenzura, gusukura cyangwa gusimbuza ibintu byungurura ikirere: gusukura imbere muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha: kugenzura no gukaza umurongo winkweto zinkweto: kugenzura no guhindura impagarara zinyuma: kugenzura umuyaga winjira: gusimbuza amenyo yindobo: guhindura indobo isukuye: kugenzura idirishya ryimbere Gusukura urwego rwamazi: Reba kandi uhindure icyuma gikonjesha;sukura hasi mu kabari;gusimbuza crusher filter element (bidashoboka).
Haracyariho amakosa menshi ahura nabacukuzi mumirimo ya buri munsi.Hano hari intangiriro yuburyo bwo kubungabunga ubwoko butandukanye bwamakosa, kandi ikigamijwe ni ukugabanya kugaragara kw'amakosa, akaba ari ingenzi cyane kubungabunga buri munsi abacukuzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-27-2022
